Lexicon

Glossary

• A Priori: Knowledge that precedes experience.

• A Posteriori: Knowledge that arises through experience.

• Being: What is.

• Bedeutung: That to which a name refers.

• Existence: TODO

• Form: TODO

• Language: TODO

• Noumena: TODO

• Nothing: TODO

• Phenomena: The apparent thing.

• Semantics: TODO

• Sinn: The means by which a name refers.

• Synthesis: TODO

• Truth: Everything that is the case.

• Vorhandenheit: That which is without the world.

• World: Everything that is.

• Zuhandenheit: That which is within the world.

A Posteriori

TODO

A Priori

TODO

Being

Ancient Hebrew

Important

Transliterations are given in parenthesis.

הָיָה (verb)

Aspect, Gender	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Perfect, Masculine	הָיִיתִי (hāyîṯî)	הָיִיתָ (hāyîṯā)	הָיָה (hāyâ)	הָיִינוּ (hāyînû)	הֱיִיתֶם (hĕyîṯem)	הָיוּ (hāyû)
Perfect, Feminine	הָיִיתִי (hāyîṯî)	הָיִית (hāyîṯ)	הָיְתָה (hāyǝṯâ)	הָיִינוּ (hāyînû)	הֱיִיתֶן (hĕyîṯen)	הָיוּ (hāyû)
Imperfect, Masculine	אֶהְיֶה (’ehyeh)	תִּהְיֶה (tihyeh)	יִהְיֶה (yihyeh)	נִהְיֶה (nihyeh)	תִּהְיוּ (tihyû)	יִהְיוּ (yihyû)
Imperfect, Feminine	אֶהְיֶה (’ehyeh)	תִּהְיִי (tihyî)	תִּהְיֶה (tihyeh)	נִהְיֶה (nihyeh)	תִּהְיֶינָה (tihyeynâ)	תִּהְיֶינָה (tihyeynâ)

Note

Ancient Hebrew does not possess a temporal tense modality.

1. יֵשׁ (yēš): The affirmative existential particle, e.g. “there is …”, “there are …”, etc.

2. אַיִן (’ayin): The negative existential particle, e.g. “there is not …”, “there are not …”, etc.

Koine Greek

εἶναι (verb)

Tense, Mood	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present, Indicative	εἰμί	εἶ	ἐστί	ἐσμέν	ἐστέ	εἰσί
Imperfect, Indicative	ἦν	ἦσθα	ἦν	ἦμεν	ἦτε	ἦσαν
Future, Indicative	ὦ	ᾖς	ᾖ	ὦμεν	ἦτε	ὦσι
Present, Subjunctive	ὦ	ᾖς	ᾖ	ὦμεν	ἦτε	ὦσι
Present, Optative	εἴην	εἴης	εἴη	εἶμεν	εἶτε	εἶεν
Future, Optative	ἐσοίμην	ἔσοιο	ἔσοιτο	ἐσοίμεθα	ἔσοισθε	ἔσοιντο
Present, Imperative	—	ἴσθι	ἔστω	—	ἔστε	ἔστων

εἶναι (participle)

Aspect, Gender	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative	Vocative
Present, Masculine	ὤν/ὄντες	ὄντος/ὄντων	ὄντι/οὖσι	ὄντα/ὄντας	ὤν/ὄντες
Present, Feminine	οὖσα/οὖσαι	οὔσης/οὐσῶν	οὔσῃ/οὔσαις	οὖσαν/οὔσας	οὖσα/οὖσαι
Present, Neuter	ὄν/ὄντα	ὄντος/ὄντων	ὄντι/οὖσι	ὄν/ὄντα	ὄν/ὄντα

1. τὸ ὄν: Neuter singluar present participle. The what-is, the that-which-is, the being, etc.

2. τὰ ὄντα: Neuter plural present participle. The things-that-are, the being-things, etc.

3. ἡ οὐσία: Feminine present participle. The being-nature, the being-essence, the being-substance.

Old English

eom (verb)

Tense, Mood	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present Indicative	eom	eart	is	sind / sindon / sint	sind / sindon / sint	sind / sindon / sint
Present, Subjunctive	sīe	sīe	sīe	sīen	sīen	sīen

bēon (verb)

Tense, Mood	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present, Indicative	bēo	bist	biþ	bēoþ	bēoþ	bēoþ
Present, Subjunctive	bēo	bēo	bēo	bēon	bēon	bēon

wesan (verb)

Tense, Mood	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Past, Indicative	wæs	wǣre	wæs	wǣron	wǣron	wǣron
Past, Subjunctive	wǣre	wǣre	wǣre	wǣron	wǣron	wǣron

1. wesende: “being”

Modern German

sein (verb)

Tense	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present Indicative	bin	bist	ist	sind	seid	sind
Past Indicative	war	warst	war	waren	wart	waren
Present Subjunctive	sei	seist	sei	seien	seiet	seien
Past Subjunctive	wäre	wärest	wäre	wären	wäret	wären

sein (participle)

Aspect	Singular	Plural
Present	seiende	seienden
Past	gewesen	gewesenen

1. Sein: Infintive. The is, the being.

2. das Seiende: Singular neuter present participle. The thing-that-is, the being-thing, etc.

3. die Seienden: Plural neuter present participle. The things-which-are, the being-things.

4. Wesen: The essence, the nature, the whatness.

5. Dasein: The being-there, the being-in-the-world.

Bedeutung

bedeuten (verb), Modern German

Tense	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present	bedeute	bedeutest	bedeutet	bedeuten	bedeutet	bedeuten
Past	bedeutete	bedeutetest	bedeutete	bedeuteten	bedeutetet	bedeuteten
Present Perfect	habe bedeutet	hast bedeutet	hat bedeutet	haben bedeutet	habt bedeutet	haben bedeutet

• be: Prefix denoting direct or transitive action.

• deuten: To point, to indicate, to interpret.

• bedeuten: To mean, to signify, to matter.

Descended from Middle High German bediuten and diuten, which in turn descends from Old High Germen bidiuten. Derives from the Old High German noun diot or thiot, which means “people”, “*nation” or “tribe”, i.e. to make understandable to people.

Deduction

Koine Greek

συλλογισμός

Form

Koine Greek	εἶδος / μορφή
Latin	forma / species / idea / figura / essentia

Existence

TODO

Noumena

TODO

Nothing

TODO

Phenomena

φαινόμενον (noun), Koine Greek

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	φαινόμενον	φαινόμενα
Genitive	φαινομένου	φαινομένων
Dative	φαινομένῳ	φαινομένοις
Accusative	φαινόμενον	φαινόμενα
Vocative	φαινόμενον	φαινόμενα

φαίνειν (verb), Koine Greek

Tense	First Person Singular	Second Person Singular	Third Person Singular	First Person Plural	Second Person Plural	Third Person Plural
Present Indicative	φαίνω	φαίνεις	φαίνει	φαίνομεν	φαίνετε	φαίνουσι
Present Subjunctive	φαίνω	φαίνῃς	φαίνῃ	φαίνωμεν	φαίνητε	φαίνωσι
Present Optative	φαίνοιμι	φαίνοις	φαίνοι	φαίνοιμεν	φαίνοιτε	φαίνοιεν
Future Indicative	φανῶ	φανεῖς	φανεῖ	φανοῦμεν	φανεῖτε	φανοῦσι
Present Imperative	—	φαῖνε	φαινέτω	—	φαίνετε	φαινόντων

φαίνειν (participle), Koine Greek

Aspect, Gender	Singular	Plural
Present, Masculine	φαίνων	φαίνοντος
Present, Feminine	φαίνουσα	φαινούσης
Present, Neuter	φαῖνον	φαίνοντος

Language

Koine Greek

Nouns

1. γλῶσσα: language, tongue, speech

2. λόγος: word, speech, reason, account, argument, principle, discourse

3. διάλεκτος: A way of speaking.

4. φωνή: sound, voice.

Verbs

1. ἑρμηνεύω: To interpret, to explain, to translate, to expound

2. ἐξηγέομαι: To explain, to narrate, to expound

Psyche

ψυχή (noun), Koine Greek

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ψυχή	…

Semantics

σῆμα (noun), Koine Greek

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	σῆμα	σημασία

Latin

Latin

significatio / signum

Sinn

TODO

Synthesis

TODO

Truth

Greek	ἀλήθεια
Latin	veritas

Vorhandenheit

TODO

World

TODO

Zuhandenheit

TODO